poliovirus type 1 การใช้

• On 1 September, 2015 WHO confirmed 2 cases of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 1 in Ukraine.
• Mainly poliovirus type 1 infections, 122 occurred in Nigeria, one in Chad, 58 in Pakistan and 37 in Afghanistan.
• Wild poliovirus type 1 is confirmed in two cases of acute flaccid paralysis in Cameroon, which had been free from the virus since 2009 . WHO
• The poliovirus type 1 infection occurred in an unvaccinated, immunocompromised infant girl aged 7 months ( the index patient ) in an Amish community whose members predominantly were not vaccinated for polio.
• Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis ( one in 200 ) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates ( one in 2, 000 ) are associated with type 2.
• In 1939, Albert Sabin reported that an experiment, employing the technique of " forcefully expelling the total amount [ of Polio ] in the direction of the olfactory mucosa, immediately drawing it back into the pipette, and repeating the process 2 to 3 times ", was unable to confirm the results of Jungeblut, but found that " monkeys on a scorbutic diet died of spontaneous acute infections, chiefly pneumonia and enterocolitis, while their mates receiving an adequate diet remained well . " Following this, Jungeblut found that " with an infection of maximum severity, induced by flooding the nasal portal of entry with large amounts of virus, vitamin C administration fails to exert any demonstrable influence on the course of the disease, but with a less forceful method of droplet instillation, the picture of the disease in control animals becomes so variable that the results cannot be easily interpreted; but the available data suggest that vitamin C treatment may be a factor in converting abortive attacks into an altogether non-paralytic infection . " In 1979, R . J . Salo and D . O . Cliver inactivated Poliovirus type 1 by sodium bisulfite and ascorbic acid in an experiment.